纯干货！亚马逊官方解读欧洲税务和法规二-ESG跨境

欧洲法规注意事项

海关

您在进口货物到欧盟时，需要遵守欧盟的海关法规，以及欧盟国家/地区适用于进口事务的法律法规。请注意，未经授权，您不得以 Amazon EU S.à r.l 或其他任何亚马逊子公司或下属机构的名义（统称为“亚马逊”，其公司名称统称为“亚马逊名称”）进口货物，或在您的发货单证的任何位置提及亚马逊。否则，您的货件可能会被退回其来源地、丢弃或弃置（具体由运送您货物的承运人或货运代理自行决定），且相关费用由您承担。

进口法规可能因不同的欧盟国家/地区而有所区别，这取决于您所选择的配送方式。因此，您很有必要考虑雇用某个物流供应商，比如某个报关行或货运代理，以便为您的公司办理进口手续或帮助您了解所有适用要求。

商业发票

当您的货物准备从您的工厂、制造商或经销商处配送时，商业发票由发货人准备。保证商业发票准确无误非常重要，这可以避免。进口货物至某个欧盟国家/地区时，商业发票必须包含以下信息：

• 发票开具日期。

• 出口商或发货人（卖家或生产厂家）的全名和地址。

• 发货人的联系人姓名、公司名称、地址和税号。

• 收货人地址。 提供公司的法定名称，后接“c/o FBA”。 然后，您可以在下方写上货物将要发往的亚马逊运营中心的地址。然而，亚马逊并没有授权您在这个地址中包括任何“亚马逊”字眼。请参阅以下示例。

• 海关登记进口商： 提供贵公司或欧盟进口代理人的法定名称，随附完整的联系信息，经济营运者注册和识别号 (EORI) 及进口国家/地区的注册号（参见下面的示例）。发货前，应确保贵公司或代理人可以满足在该进口国家/地区作为海关登记进口商的所有条件。如将此信息留空，也可能导致货件被拒收或退货。

  重要： 亚马逊明确禁止将亚马逊的名称（包括其运营中心的名称）用作任何亚马逊物流库存货件的海关登记进口商。任何试图以亚马逊作为海关登记进口商的库存货件，无一例外将被拒收并退回给发货人，且相关费用由发货人承担。 如将此信息留空，也可能导致货件被拒收或退货。

  
  

请注意各个地址之间的差异。“收货人”地址包括亚马逊运营中心；而“海关登记进口商”地址包括卖家或卖家代理的注册地址。

• 亚马逊物流货件编号（亚马逊物流证明）。这是您使用亚马逊卖家账户创建货件时收到的编码。如果出现海关问题，这将确保亚马逊可以快速确定货件是否属于亚马逊物流。如果您在卖家平台的“亚马逊物流货件编号”中未包含“FBA”，请在发票上的显要位置添加该字样。

• 已开发票的货物的详细描述。除其他必填信息外，还需要包括：

• 协调关税表代码（HTS 代码）

• 商品数量

• 每件商品的价值。对于没有商业价值的样品或商品，为清关目的必须标注名义价值或公允市价

• 货件中所有商品的总价值

• 交易货币

可能还需要其他信息。这些要求如有变更，恕不另行通知。您必须自行判断并遵守进口要求。

根据商品的类型，进口时可能会有额外的证书和许可证要求，可能需要提供合格声明、检测报告或皮革证书。

请与您的物流供应商或报关行协商，确保您有进口到欧盟目的国所需的完整证明文件。

最佳配送实践

亚马逊运营中心对于接收的货件设有相关要求，包含托拍的尺寸和运货至运营中心的卡车类型。 了解这些要求和最佳实践，有助于避免在向亚马逊运营中心运输库存以及向买家配送的过程中出现延误。

使用标准的邮递服务

在将您的货件运输到中心时，不推荐使用诸如、英国皇家邮政、Parcelforce、德国邮政等邮递服务。相比于货运或快递承运商，邮递服务商作为海关登记进口商可能需要满足不同的货件要求。您可以通过邮递服务配送您的货物，但不能以海关登记进口商的身份向亚马逊运营中心发货。如果您考虑选择邮递服务进行配送，便应发货到进口国家/地区代理人的地址，待货件送达后，再将货物转运至亚马逊运营中心所在地址。发货前，您可能需要与邮递服务公司核实贵公司或代理人是否可以作为海关登记进口商通关。

知识产权

您应该确保您拥有在欧盟发布商品或者在欧盟内部跨境销售商品所需的所有知识产权（例如：专利、商标或著作权）。您可能需要获取品牌所有者的许可，以避免在指定的欧盟成员国销售其产品时出现知识产权侵权问题（假设您拥有的知识产权许可仅在特定国家/地区有效）。尤其要注意的是，您的商品不能是伪造品或非法平行进口商品。

对于您想要开店的平台国家/地区，您应该对其知识产权法律进行调研，因为您所拥有的知识产权可能只在特定国家/地区有效。

另外，您也可能希望保护好您自己在欧盟的知识产权。

其他资源

平行进口商品

如果您在欧洲经济区外采购商品，商品的知识产权所有者（特别是商标所有者、版权持有者和许可证持有人）可能会禁止您在欧洲经济区进口或销售他们的商品。

即使权利所有者只是在欧洲经济区分销同类商品，或者并不在欧洲经济区进行分销，只要其持有欧洲经济区的知识产权，此禁令同样适用。因此，如果您计划在亚马逊欧洲商城发布您从其他区域采购的商品（例如品牌商品或媒介类商品），请寻求专业法律建议，并确保权利所有者不反对此类平行进口。否则，权利所有者可能会以知识产权侵权为由要求亚马逊下架您在亚马逊欧洲商城发布的商品。如果问题一再出现，还会影响您继续在亚马逊上销售商品的权限。

如果非欧洲经济区商品在任何方面（例如：包装、质保范围、商品变体）与欧洲经济区版商品存在差异，即使在征得权利所有者同意的情况下，在欧洲经济区销售从欧洲经济区外采购的平行进口商品仍可能会影响买家体验。请正确描述您的商品，以避免收到负面买家反馈。

有关更多信息，请参阅： 。

标志和标签

“CE”标志是许多商品（例如：低压设备、医疗器械、玩具、个人防护装备等等）的强制性合格标志。贴上“CE”标志，即意味着制造商声明此商品符合适用欧洲指令的要求。

其他资源

European regulatory considerations

Customs

When you import goods into the European Union (EU), you will need to comply with EU customs laws, as well as laws and regulations that are applicable to the EU country of import. Please note that you are not authorized to import your goods in the name of Amazon EU S.à r.l. or any other Amazon subsidiary or affiliate (indistinctly referred to as "Amazon" and its corporate name as an "Amazon name") or to reference Amazon anywhere in your shipping documentation. Otherwise, your shipments may be returned to their origin, abandoned, or disposed of at your cost, at the discretion of the carrier or freight forwarder carrying your goods.

Importation regulations may differ between countries in the EU and will depend on the mode of shipping you choose. Therefore, you should strongly consider hiring a logistics provider, such as a customs broker or freight forwarder, to handle the importation process for your company and help you understand all applicable requirements.

Commercial invoice

When your goods are ready to be shipped from your facility, manufacturer, or distributor, the shipper prepares the commercial invoice. It is critical that the commercial invoice be accurate to avoid delays in clearing customs. The following information must be included on the commercial invoice when importing goods into an EU country:

• Invoice issue date.

• The complete name and address of the exporter or shipper (seller or manufacturer).

• The shipper's contact name, company name, address, and tax ID number.

• Ship-to address. Provide the legal name of your company, followed by "c/o FBA." Below this, you may use the address of the Amazon fulfillment center to which your goods should be delivered. Amazon does not, however, authorize you to include any Amazon name in this address. Please see the example below.

• Importer of record: Provide the legal name of your company or EU import representative, along with full contact details, Economic Operators' Registration and Identification number (EORI) and VAT registration number for the country of import (example below). Prior to shipping, you should consider ensuring that your company or representative can fulfill all criteria to act as importer of record in the country of import. Leaving this information blank also can result in your shipment being refused and returned.

Important: Amazon expressly prohibits the use of an Amazon name, including a fulfillment center's name, as the importer of record for any shipment of FBA inventory. Any FBA inventory shipment attempting to make entry with an Amazon name as the importer of record will be refused and returned at the shipper's expense —no exceptions. Leaving this information blank also can result in your shipment being refused and returned.

Example "Ship to/Deliver to" field	Example "Importer of record" field
[Seller legal name] c/o FBA 1401 Rue du Champ Rouge 45770 Saran, France	[Seller legal name] or [Seller's representative legal name] 1234 Rue de Lyon 9876 Paris, France EORI: XY123456789 VAT ID: YX87654321

Please note the differences in addresses. The "Ship-to" address includes the Amazon fulfillment center, while the "Importer of record" address includes the seller's or seller representative's registered address.

• FBA Shipment ID (FBA reference). This is the number you receive when you create the shipment in your Amazon seller account. This ensures that Amazon can quickly identify the shipment as belonging to FBA if customs questions arise. If your FBA Shipment ID in Seller Central does not contain "FBA," please add it in a visible place on the invoice.

• Detailed description of the goods invoiced. Includes, among other required elements, the following:

• Harmonized Tariff Schedule Code (HTS Code)

• Product quantity

• Value of each product. For samples or products with no commercial value, a nominal or fair-market value must be stated for customs purposes

• Total value of all products in a shipment

• Currency of the transaction

Additional information may also be required. These requirements are subject to change. It is your responsibility to determine and comply with import requirements.

Depending on the type of product, there may be additional certificates and licenses required for import. These can include a Declaration of Conformity, test reports or leather certificates.

Please check with your logistics provider or customs broker to ensure that you have the complete documentation needed to import into the EU destination country.

Delivery best practices

Amazon fulfillment centers have requirements for the shipments they receive, including the size of the pallets and the type of truck that can deliver to the fulfillment center. Paying attention to these requirements and best practices will help avoid delays in getting your inventory to the fulfillment center and into your customers' hands.

Using standard postal services

Using postal services such as China Post, Royal Mail, Parcelforce, and Deutsche Post to send your shipments to Amazon fulfillment centers is not recommended. Postal services may have different importer of record requirements for their shipments than for freight or express carrier shipments. It is possible that by using postal services to ship your goods, you could not ship to an Amazon fulfillment center as the IOR. If you are considering a postal service as a shipping option, you should consider sending the shipment to the address of your representative in the country of import and, after the shipment is delivered, forward the goods to the Amazon fulfillment center address. Prior to shipping, you may want to check with the postal service that your company or representative can be the importer of record.

Intellectual property rights

You should ensure that you have all intellectual property rights (such as patents, trademarks, or copyrights) necessary for listing your products in the EU or selling them cross-border within the EU. You may need to have the permission of the brand owner to sell their products in a given EU member state in order to avoid an infringement of intellectual property rights (as in the case where your license to the intellectual property is only valid for a specific country). In particular, your products must not be counterfeit or illegal parallel imports.

You should investigate the law governing intellectual property for every country where you want to list your products because your rights in intellectual property may only be valid for a particular country.

In addition, you may want to protect your own intellectual property in the EU.

Other resources

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Parallel import

An intellectual property rights owner (in particular trademark owners, copyright holders and their licensees) may prohibit you from importing or selling his goods in the European Economic Area (EEA), if you sourced them outside the EEA.

This prohibition applies even if the rights owner distributes the same product type in the EEA or does not distribute in the EEA, as long as he holds an intellectual property right in the EEA. Therefore, if you intend to list e.g. branded products or media items on Amazon’s EU marketplaces which you source outside that region, seek expert legal advice and make sure the rights owner does not object to such parallel import. Otherwise, Amazon may be asked by the rights owner to take down your listings on Amazon’s EU marketplaces for IP infringement. Repeated cases of IP infringements will also affect your ability to continue selling on Amazon.

Parallel import of goods sourced outside the EEA for sale in the EEA with the rights owner’s consent could still affect customer experience if the non-EEA product differs from the EEA version in any way (e.g., packaging, warranty coverage, product variations). Describe your product appropriately to avoid negative customer feedback.

For more information, see: .

Markings and labels

The "CE" mark is a mandatory conformance mark on many products (such as low-voltage equipment, medical devices, toys, personal protective equipment, and so on). By attaching the "CE" marking, the manufacturer declares that the product is in conformity with the requirements of the applicable European directives.

There are many other marks and labels in the EU (for example, textiles, products in contact with food, recycling, and so on), which you may be required to display on your products or packaging. Often product labeling is required to be in the language of the European member state where the product is sold.

Other resources

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Spain		Spanish

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特别声明：以上文章内容仅代表作者本人观点，不代表ESG跨境电商观点或立场。如有关于作品内容、版权或其它问题请于作品发表后的30日内与ESG跨境电商联系。