亚马逊欧洲平台开店，需要注意哪些税务和法规问题（4）-ESG跨境

玩具和游戏

除其他规定外，《欧盟玩具安全指令》还要求：在可预见的正常使用期限内，玩具不得对人的健康或安全构成任何危害。您也可以在商品上标注警示，指出正确的使用方法和使用限制。

其他资源

从简单的绷带到最精密的生命维持产品，都在医疗器械的范畴内。如果您的商品属于医疗器械，则需要遵守《欧盟医疗器械指令》。该指令中的一项规定要求：医疗器械不得在正确植入、维护和使用时对病人、用户或其他人的安全和健康造成危害。

其他资源

欧洲各国对于药品和化妆品颁布了各种法规，包括对贴标和包装都有特殊要求。相关法规并未协调统一。例如：在有些欧盟国家作为非处方药销售的商品，在其他欧洲国家则有法律规定只能在药店销售。

欧洲对于食品和食用商品有许多法规限制。欧洲食品法规尤其致力建立食品和食用商品卫生、动物检疫与安全以及植物检疫的严格标准，并防止外部物质带来的污染风险。

欧洲食品法规还包括：

• 规定了食品商品的正确贴标规则。通常，商品的贴标语言要求与商品销售地的欧盟成员国所使用的语言一致。

• 多个欧盟成员国制定了饮料包装强制退还和回收计划。

更多详细信息，您可以通过以下链接查询：

More： 请参阅英国进口商品限制列表。

消费者权利

请注意，此处介绍的这些消费者权利仅供说明之用，不构成任何法律建议，也不能替代您与亚马逊或直接与消费者之间达成的任何合同义务。

取消权利

除一些例外情况外，如果欧盟的买家一次性在线购买了多件商品，但是每件商品单独发货，则买家有权在收到订单中最后一件商品后的 14 天内取消购买订单中的任一件商品。即使您没有任何过错，也必须对此商品办理退款并承担运费。您无须退回所有费用，除非下列任何一种情况属实：

1. 您有过错。

2. 您同意为买家承担所有费用。

3. 您未向买家披露或告知您根据法律应向其披露的费用。

例如，您必须向买家退回普通运费，但不退回买家选择的服务所产生的任何额外费用，例如，加急配送费或礼品包装费。同样，如果您明确告知买家，则您无须承担向您返回商品的费用。

请注意，这些消费者权利是您与亚马逊达成（例如 30 天退货保证）或直接与消费者达成的合约性退货权利之外的附加权利。

其他资源

根据欧盟消费者保护规则，商品卖家在欧盟销售时必须提供 2 年法律保证。这意味着，在商品送达后的 2 年内，您必须对有缺陷的商品进行维修、更换或赔偿。大部分欧盟成员国会假定商品送达后 6 个月内出现的任何明显缺陷为在送达时既已存在，因此您必须负责维修、更换或赔偿。6 个月后，在大多数欧盟成员国境内（法国除外），您可以要求买家证明商品在送达时已存在缺陷。您可以在以下欧盟委员会链接中找到有关法律保证的更多信息。

您除了有义务根据亚马逊处理买家退货之外，还应履行本法律保证义务。

Toys

The European Toys Safety Directive requires, among others things, that it must be possible to use a toy without any danger to one's health or safety during the toy's foreseeable and normal period of use. You may also be required to place warnings on the products that specify the appropriate conditions and limitations of use.

Europe	The safety of toys	English
United Kingdom	DTI Toy Safety	English
Germany	BMEL - Product Safety	English
Sicheres Spielzeug	German
France	La sécurité des jouets	French
Italy	Ministry of Health on Toys	Italian
Spain	La Asociación Española de Fabricantes de Juguetes (AEFJ)	Spanish

Medical devices

Medical devices range from simple products like bandages to the most sophisticated life-supporting products. If your product is considered a medical device, you may be subject to the European Medical Devices Directive. The Directive requires, among other things, that medical devices shall not compromise the safety and health of patients, or users and other persons when properly implanted, maintained, and used.

Other resources

Europe	Summaries of European Legislation	English
Medical devices	English
United Kingdom	Healthcare and medical: international trade regulations	English
Germany	BFARM - Medical Devices	English
France	ANSM: dispositifs médicaux	French
Italy	Informazioni generali sugli avvisi di sicurezza - FSN (Field Safety Notice)	Italian
Spain	AEMPS-Medical Devices	Spanish

Pharmaceuticals and cosmetics are subject to various regulations in Europe, including special labeling and packaging requirements. The regulations are only partially harmonized. For example, a product may be sold over-the-counter in some European member states, while in others it may only be legally sold in pharmacies.

Other resources

Europe	Pharmaceutical and cosmetic products	English
Cosmetics	English
United Kingdom	Regulating Medicines and Medical Devices	English
Germany	BFARM - Medicinal Products	English
Bundesministerium für Gesundheit - Arzneimitteldaten Zentral und Transparent	German
France	ANSM: produits cosmétiques	French
ANSM: medicaments	French
Italy	Informazioni generali sugli avvisi di sicurezza - FSN (Field Safety Notice)	Italian
Spain	Plan de Calidad para el Sistema Nacional de Salud	Spanish

Food

Food and food products are subject to many regulations in Europe. European food regulations in particular aim at establishing high-quality standards for food and food product hygiene, animal health and welfare, and plant health, and prevent the risk of contamination from external substances.

European food regulations include, among many other things, the following:

• Specifying rules on appropriate labeling for food products. Often product labeling is required to be in the language of the European member state where the product is sold.

• Establishing mandatory refund and recycling schemes for beverage packaging in several European member states.

You can find more information at the following links:

Other resources

Europe	Europa: Food Safety	English
Europa: Health and Consumers - Food	English
European Food Safety Authority	English
United Kingdom	Food Standards Agency	English
Germany	FMFA - Food	English
BLL - Kennzeichnung	German
France	ANSES	French
DGCCRF	French
Italy	Alimenti	Italian
Spain	Alimentación	Spanish

More: See a list of restricted products for import into the United Kingdom.

Please note that these consumer rights are described for illustrative purposes only and do not constitute any legal advice or substitute for any contractual obligation that you may have agreed upon with Amazon or directly with the consumer.

With some exceptions, consumers in the European Union have the right to cancel a purchase of a product bought online within 14 days of receiving the final item of the order, if they purchased multiple items together that were delivered separately. Even when there is no error from your side, you must refund the item and the shipping costs. You may not have to refund all costs unless one of the following is true:

1. There is an error on your side.

2. You agreed to bear all costs for the consumer.

3. You failed to disclose or inform the customer about the costs that you are legally required to disclose.

For example, you must refund the normal cost of sending the item to the consumer but not any extra costs for services that the customer chooses, such as expedited delivery or gift-wrapping. Similarly, when you expressly inform the consumer, you don't have to bear the cost of returning the product to you.

Please note that these consumer rights are in addition to any contractual return rights that you may have agreed upon with Amazon (e.g. 30-day return guarantee) or directly with the consumer.

Other resources

Europe	The Directive on Consumer Rights	English
United Kingdom	UK online and distance selling for business	English
Germany	Verbrauchortal	German
France	Loi consommation : e-commerce	French
Achat à distance: droit de rétractation du consommateur
Italy	Decalogue on consumer rights	Italian
Consumer rights information materials
Spain	Derechos básicos de los consumidores	Spanish

Under EU consumer protection rules, the seller of a product must offer a 2-year Legal Warranty when selling in the EU. This means that, during the period of 2 years from the delivery of the product, you must repair, exchange or reimburse a defective product. In most EU countries, any defect that becomes apparent within 6 months from delivery is presumed to have existed at the time of delivery and therefore you must repair, exchange or reimburse it. After 6 months, in most EU countries (France excluded), you can request the customer to prove that the defect already existed at the time of delivery. You can find more information regarding the Legal Warranty in the following link from the European Commission.

This Legal Warranty obligation is in addition to your obligation to process customer returns according to Amazon Return Policy.

Other resources

Europe	Sales and Guarantees	English
United Kingdom	UK online and distance selling for business	English
Germany	Verbrauchortal	German
France	Achat à distance: livraison du bien ou exécution de la prestation	French
Garantie légale de conformité
Italy	Guidelines on legal warranty	Italian
Spain	Derechos básicos de los consumidores	Spanish

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